Can I get compensation for a roommate who bailed on a lease?

If her name was not on the lease, she is not legally responsible to pay you anything. Now MORALLY/ETHICALLY, that is a different story, but I am not sure of what kind of person you are dealing with. You may be better off going to the front office and ask them what sort of penalty will you incur if you break your lease. They may be able to let you out of it, without putting it on your credit report. But, I am sure it won't be cheap. However, it wil be much easier to pay the fee and move somewhere that you can afford, rather than struggle for the next year. Good luck!